🔬 Uses and Benefits

Therapeutic Indications

UPRIDEN CEF 1GM is indicated for the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible bacteria:

• Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: Pneumonia, lung abscess, bronchitis
• Upper Respiratory Tract Infections: Sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis
• Urinary Tract Infections: Both complicated and uncomplicated
• Intra-abdominal Infections: Peritonitis, cholecystitis, cholangitis
• Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Cellulitis, wound infections
• Bone and Joint Infections: Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis
• Genital Infections: Gonorrhea, pelvic inflammatory disease
• Central Nervous System Infections: Bacterial meningitis
• Bloodstream Infections: Bacteremia, septicemia
• Surgical Prophylaxis: Prevention of postoperative infections

Benefits

• Broad-Spectrum Activity: Effective against many gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria
• Once-Daily Dosing: Convenient administration schedule due to long half-life
• High Tissue Penetration: Achieves therapeutic concentrations in various tissues and body fluids
• Established Safety Profile: Well-studied antibiotic with predictable side effects
• Cost-Effective: Single drug therapy for many infections
• Versatile Administration: Can be given both intravenously and intramuscularly
• Low Resistance Profile: Maintains effectiveness against many bacterial strains
• Well-Tolerated: Generally fewer gastrointestinal side effects compared to some other antibiotics

📖 Instruction for Use

UPRIDEN CEF 1GM contains ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that works through the following mechanism:

1. Bacterial Cell Wall Inhibition:
   • Ceftriaxone binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in bacterial cell walls
   • This binding inhibits the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, a critical component of bacterial cell walls
   • The cell wall becomes structurally weakened and unstable
2. Bactericidal Effect:
   • The compromised cell wall cannot withstand osmotic pressure differences
   • This leads to cell lysis (rupture) and bacterial death
   • The action is bactericidal (kills bacteria) rather than bacteriostatic (inhibits growth)
3. Spectrum of Activity:
   • Highly effective against aerobic gram-negative bacteria
   • Moderate activity against gram-positive organisms
   • Limited activity against anaerobes
   • Not effective against most atypical bacteria or viruses
4. Beta-Lactamase Stability:
   • More resistant to inactivation by certain beta-lactamase enzymes compared to first and second-generation cephalosporins
   • This property allows it to remain effective against many resistant strains
5. Pharmacokinetic Advantage:
   • Long half-life (5.5-8.5 hours) allows for once-daily dosing
   • High protein binding (85-95%) prolongs its presence in the body

UPRIDEN CEF 1GM is particularly valuable for treating infections caused by susceptible organisms, especially when broad-spectrum coverage is needed.

⏱️ Forget/Missed Doses

Since UPRIDEN CEF 1GM is typically administered in healthcare settings:

• Notify healthcare provider if a scheduled dose is missed
• The next dose should be given as soon as remembered
• Do not double the dose to make up for a missed dose
• If self-administering at home, contact healthcare provider for guidance

For healthcare providers managing missed doses:

• If less than 6 hours late: administer dose promptly, then continue normal schedule
• If more than 6 hours late: consider adjusting the dosing schedule

🧬 How this Works

UPRIDEN CEF 1GM contains ceftriaxone, a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic that works through the following mechanism:

1. Bacterial Cell Wall Inhibition:
   • Ceftriaxone binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located in bacterial cell walls
   • This binding inhibits the cross-linking of peptidoglycan chains, a critical component of bacterial cell walls
   • The cell wall becomes structurally weakened and unstable
2. Bactericidal Effect:
   • The compromised cell wall cannot withstand osmotic pressure differences
   • This leads to cell lysis (rupture) and bacterial death
   • The action is bactericidal (kills bacteria) rather than bacteriostatic (inhibits growth)
3. Spectrum of Activity:
   • Highly effective against aerobic gram-negative bacteria
   • Moderate activity against gram-positive organisms
   • Limited activity against anaerobes
   • Not effective against most atypical bacteria or viruses
4. Beta-Lactamase Stability:
   • More resistant to inactivation by certain beta-lactamase enzymes compared to first and second-generation cephalosporins
   • This property allows it to remain effective against many resistant strains
5. Pharmacokinetic Advantage:
   • Long half-life (5.5-8.5 hours) allows for once-daily dosing
   • High protein binding (85-95%) prolongs its presence in the body

UPRIDEN CEF 1GM is particularly valuable for treating infections caused by susceptible organisms, especially when broad-spectrum coverage is needed.

🛡️ Storage

For Unreconstituted Powder:

• Store at room temperature between 20-25°C (68-77°F)
• Protect from excessive light
• Keep vials in original packaging until ready for use
• Do not use after expiration date

For Reconstituted Solution:

• IV solutions maintain stability for:
  • 24 hours at room temperature
  • 3 days when refrigerated (2-8°C)
• IM solutions should be used within 1 hour of preparation
• Discard any unused portion after these timeframes
• Do not freeze reconstituted solutions
• Protect from excessive light

General Storage Guidelines:

• Keep all medications out of reach of children
• Store in a clean, dry area away from heat sources
• Do not store in bathroom or kitchen areas (humidity may affect stability)

⚠️ Side Effects

Common Side Effects

• Injection site reactions (pain, swelling, redness)
• Gastrointestinal disturbances (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting)
• Elevated liver enzymes (transient)
• Eosinophilia (increased eosinophil count)
• Thrombocytosis (increased platelet count)
• Headache

Less Common Side Effects

• Rash or pruritus (itching)
• Fever
• Dizziness
• Candidiasis (yeast infection)
• Changes in white blood cell counts
• Taste alterations

Serious Side Effects (seek immediate medical attention)

• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
• Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD)
• Hemolytic anemia
• Severe skin reactions (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis)
• Gallbladder sludging or precipitation
• Seizures (particularly with high doses)
• Severe kidney problems
• Bleeding abnormalities

🔁 Over Doses

Symptoms of Overdose

• Neuromuscular hyperexcitability
• Seizures
• Encephalopathy
• Nausea and vomiting
• Increased risk of urolithiasis (urinary stones)
• Possible post-renal acute renal failure

Action in Case of Overdose

• No specific antidote exists for ceftriaxone
• Seek immediate medical attention or contact poison control
• Supportive care is the primary treatment approach
• Hemodialysis is not significantly effective in removing ceftriaxone
• Monitor renal function, electrolytes, and neurological status
• Treat symptoms as they arise

💡 Safety Advice

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

• Pregnancy: Pregnancy Category B - generally considered safe but use only when clearly needed
• Breastfeeding: Ceftriaxone passes into breast milk in small amounts; use with caution

Allergies

• Contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone or any cephalosporin antibiotics
• Cross-sensitivity with penicillins may occur (5-10% cross-reactivity)
• Use extreme caution in patients with history of any beta-lactam allergy
• Have emergency treatment available when administering first dose to high-risk patients

Medical Conditions

Inform your doctor before receiving UPRIDEN CEF 1GM if you have:

• History of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis
• Liver or gallbladder disease
• Kidney problems
• History of seizures or neurological disorders
• Blood clotting disorders
• Malnourishment
• Hyperbilirubinemia (especially in neonates)

Drug Interactions

UPRIDEN CEF 1GM may interact with:

• Calcium-containing products: May form precipitates; avoid simultaneous administration
• Anticoagulants: May increase bleeding risk
• Probenecid: May increase ceftriaxone levels
• Oral contraceptives: May reduce contraceptive effectiveness
• Other nephrotoxic drugs: May increase risk of kidney damage
• Aminoglycosides: Possible synergistic effect but increased nephrotoxicity risk

Additional Precautions

• Laboratory Tests: May interfere with certain lab tests (e.g., Coombs' test, galactosemia tests)
• Superinfection: Prolonged use may result in overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms
• Complete Full Course: Even if symptoms improve, take full course to prevent resistance
• Biliary Precautions: Use caution in patients with biliary obstruction
• Vitamin K: Rarely, vitamin K deficiency may occur with prolonged use
• Sodium Content: Contains approximately 83mg sodium per gram; consider in patients on sodium-restricted diets

UPRIDEN CEF 1GM is a powerful broad-spectrum antibiotic that should be used only for confirmed or strongly suspected bacterial infections. Responsible use helps prevent the development of antibiotic resistance. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions regarding dosage, administration, and duration of therapy.